Bp Sustainability Essay - 28986 Words

Sustainability Review 2010 bp.com/sustainability 2 A letter from our group chief executive / 4 How BP is changing 6 Gulf of Mexico oil spill / 14 How we operate / 22 Energy future 30 Safety / 34 Environment / 38 Society Within hours of the Deepwater Horizon accident, BP teams were working to stop the leak. We also acted to minimize the spill’s impact on the environment by containing, removing and dispersing oil offshore, protecting the shoreline and cleaning up oil that came ashore. And we worked with wildlife groups to develop rescue and rehabilitation programmes for turtles, birds and other species. www.bp.com/ gulfofmexico/inpictures What’s inside? We recognize that the events of 2010 have impacted many people, from local†¦show more content†¦These are highlighted in green.d f 0 7 188 0.085 1,067 0.48 207 236 — 417 300 2.2 0.4 59.3 10.1 0.24 64.4 1,241 539 2.5 4,026 97,000 625 17 21 5 20 — 1,065 642 10,643 69 3 4 167 0.075 1,060 0.48 204 241 — 340 213 1.0 0.3 59.2 10.7 0.20 63.5 1,124 521 22.5 3,293 98,100 624 16 22 5 19 — 974 944 11,511 48 2 3 175 0.080 951 0.43 195 245 658 335 170 3.4 0.9 57.0 9.2 0.21 61.4 1,718 530 1.1 2,520 92,000 583 14 22 6 19 15 927 765 12,280 22 0 18 134 0.069 665 0.34 174 216 537 234 122 1.2 0.2 60.4 9.6 0.22 65.0 2,149 554 66.6 2,483 80,300 492 14 23 6 21 15 874 524 12,216 30 0 14 408 0.193 1,284 0.61 168 255 418 261 142 1.7d 0.8d 60.2f 10.0f 0.22f 64.9f 1,671f 573 52.5 18,400i 79,700 482 14 24 7 19 15 742 552 11,772 14 Cautionary statement BP Sustainability Review 2010 andShow MoreRelatedBp s Improve Sustainability And Its Reputation For The Deepwater Horizon Disaster1620 Words   |  7 Pagesgentleman by the name of William D’Arcy is the founder of the world famous gas station BP. D’Arcy had a thrill over oil and decided to invest all of his savings in the quest for oil in the Middle East. Experts and scientists helped encourage D’Arcy to pursue the venture. But years started to pass and funds starting to run low, William was starting to feel as if this was the wrong investment. Throughout the years BP has gone through a plethora of ups and downs. From bankruptcy, to not being able to transportRead MoreSustainability Report of BP1447 Words   |  6 PagesWhat responsibility did the executives of BP have in making more socially responsible and safety conscious decisions at the expense of not meeting the consumer demand of cheap gas and thus lowering the returns for shareholde rs and their own compensation? Executives in many prominent companies must constantly be aware of consumer sentiments in regards to business practices. As such, executives have a very compelling social obligation for safety and compliance. This is particularly important in industriesRead MoreBp s Ethical Culture And Corporate Social Responsibility Procedures1305 Words   |  6 Pagesas it is now known as BP, has grown into one of the four major Oil and energy multi-nationals on the planet. Their success can be attributed to their innovative prowess and their ability to stay one step ahead of their competitors, by investing in places no one has before. The common perception of BP by the general public over the past decade has been quite positive, with people aligning environmental values’ with their new brand positioning. All of this changed after BP was blamed for one of theRead MoreBritish Petroleums Corporate Philosophy and the Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico3510 Words   |  15 PagesIn terms ofä ¾ Ã¦  ® MNE corporate philosophyä ¼ Ã¤ ¸Å¡Ã§ â€ Ã¥ ¿ µ and stakeholder strategy BP has been â€Å"ranked asè ¢ «Ã¨ ® ¤Ã¤ ¸ º one of the more environmentally responsiveçŽ ¯Ã¤ ¿ Ã¥â€œ Ã¥ ºâ€ and socially awareç ¤ ¾Ã¤ ¼Å¡Ã¦â€ž Ã¨ ¯â€  companies† Rugman and Collingson (2006, 4th Ed, p635). Explore this ranking in the light ofæ   ¹Ã¦  ®Ã¯ ¼Å'é‰ ´Ã¤ ºÅ½Ã¯ ¼Å'ä ¾ Ã¦  ® recent events in the Gulf of Mexico. 1. Explain MNE corporate philosophy. How BP work in MNE 2. Explain what is stakeholder strategy, what it is, what is BP’s stakeholder strategy, how it gonna work in the Gulf of Mexico. 3.Read MoreOil And Its Effects On The Environment1984 Words   |  8 Pagesgeneral population and taking advantage of their profits which is completely unacceptable, especially for such a large company like British Petroleum (BP). With Oil being a natural resource that is available to mine/pump by anyone who strikes it, BP is doing so for self-interest and neglecting the total effect that it has on society and the climate. No, BP is not the only company out there with stake in the oil business however, with them being one of the larger oil companies they should set a precedenceRead MoreBPs Commitment to the Recovery of Natural Resources863 Words   |  3 Pagesprojects are part of BPs commitment to provide up to $1 billion in early restoration funding to expedite recovery of natural resources injured as a result of the Deepwater Horizon accident. The early restoration framework agreement signed in 2011 requires BP and the trustees to agree upon the potential projects, funding an d the natural resources benefits the projects are expected to provide. The trustees then implement the projects. The agreement makes it possible for restoration to begin at an earlierRead MoreBritish Petroleum1639 Words   |  7 PagesBusiness and Society Introduction The Anglo-Persian Oil Company which is now known as British Petroleum (BP) was founded in 1909 and is one of the world’s leading international gas and oil companies. The multinational British company’s headquarters is located in London, United Kingdom and is one of the five largest oil companies in the world. The pioneer of the Middle Eastern oil industry, BP discovered oil in Iran before World War I and eventually became involved in all aspects of the oil industryRead MoreBp Management and Strategies Research Paper3337 Words   |  14 Pageswill look at British Petroleum, BP, one of the largest oil companies in the world. Following the Gulf Oil Spill does BP have sustainability in this market? This paper will examine the early history of the company. It will look at the competitive advantages of the organization by looking at its SWOT analysis. The company’s market strategy will be examined including its growing interest into alternative fuels. Its internal s tructure will be compared to the persona that BP is trying to convey that theyRead MoreBritish Petroleum and The Delay of Maintenance Case Analysis4904 Words   |  20 PagesPetroleum, now known as simply BP, is a multinational oil and gas company that is headquartered in London, England. On March 23, 2005, a series of massive explosions devastated one of the largest British Petroleum refineries located in Texas City. The blast rattled windows in downtown Galveston, 20 miles away and was even felt in Houston, 35 miles distant. Reports indicated that 15 people had been killed and well over 150 were injured, many of those seriously burned. A BP spokesperson addressed theRead MoreBp Oil Spill On The Gulf Of Mexico1249 Words   |  5 PagesBrittneigh Campbell POS 303 BP Oil Spill Survey Research Question How did the BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010 affect our economy and environment, and what does the future hold, with regard to the environment, oil drilling, and sustainability? Introduction For the best range of participants and the east of analyzation, I chose to conduct an electronic survey. I posted the survey (publically) on Facebook. This allowed people from all over the country, from almost all sections of social-economic

Supply Chain Management at Bose Corporation - 1498 Words

SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT AT BOSE CORPORATION Bose Corporation, headquartered in Framingham, Massachusetts, offers an excellent example of integrated supply chain management. Bose, a producer of audio premium speakers used in automobiles, high-fidelity systems, and consumer and commercial broadcasting systems, was founded in 1964 by Dr. Bose of MIT. Bose currently maintains plants in Massachusetts and Michigan as well as Canada, Mexico, and Ireland. Its purchasing organization, while decentralized, has some overlap that requires coordination between sites. It manages this coordination by using conference calls between managers, electronic communication, and joint problem solving. The company is moving toward single sourcing many†¦show more content†¦The company can also request removal from a terminal of any shipment that it must expedite with an air shipment. This state-of-the-art system provides a snapshot of what is happening on a daily basis and keeps Bose’s managers on top of everyday occurrences and decisions. Management proactively manages logistics time elements in pursuit of better customer service. The next step is to implement this system with all major suppliers rather than just with transportation suppliers. In the future, Bose plans to automate its entire materials system. Perhaps one of the most unique features of Bose’s procurement and logistics system is the development of JIT II. The basic premise of JIT II is simple: The person who can do the best job of ordering and managing inventory of a particular item is the supplier himself. Bose negotiated with each supplier to provide a full-time employee at the Bose plant who was responsible for ordering, shipping, and receiving materials from that plant, as well as managing on-site inventories of the items. This was done through an EDI connection between Bose’s plant and the supplier’s facility. Collocating suppliers and buyers was so successful that Bose is now implementing it at all plant locations. In fact, many other companies have also begun to implement collocation of suppliers. Assignment Questions The following assignment questions relate to ideas andShow MoreRelatedBose Case Study Final1278 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Bose Case Study By: Girdhar Agrawal goa5069 S.C.M. 406 Objective: To help Bose Corporation continuously improve, its sustainable competitive edge as technological leader of acoustic science, by analyzing and improving the performance of its Supply Chain. Executive Summary: Bose Corporation, headquartered in Framingham, Massachusetts is one of the largest producers of audio premium speakers. These speakers are used in automobiles, high-fidelity systems and consumer, commercial broadcastingRead MoreBose Case Study1101 Words   |  5 PagesSupply Chain Management at BOSE Corporation Objective: To analyze and review the current state of the Bose Corporation’s supply chain strategies. To ultimately identify the benefits, risks and overall practicality of the Bose Corporation fully implementing both their own new and unique EDI system and just-in-time system known as JIT II. Executive Summary: This report provides an analysis and evaluation of the current and future status of the Bose Corporation supply management system. ThisRead MoreBose Corporation Is A Massachusetts Based Global Supplier Of Consumer Electronics Essay1689 Words   |  7 PagesBose Corporation is a Massachusetts based global supplier of consumer electronics. Founded in 1964 by MIT-professor Dr. Amar Bose, the company’s strategy has been to combine technology with creative people to develop products that offer high performance and are simple to use, yet sophisticated (Moody, 1991). Bose prides itself on its creativity and innovation in producing quality audio components, like stereos, noise canceling headsets and premier automobile stereo systems. Bose is also known forRead MoreImproving The Manufacturing And Service Delivery Processes For Companies1532 Words   |  7 Pagesmodularized way, the mass customization can reduce the company’s all in costs. Companies as one of the principle reasons for manufacturing use cost reductions. Customized treatment of individual customers requires flexible processes that join demand chain and supply chain all together. The mass customizing companies are driven by observing individual customer request and by comparing them to what other customers have requested. Technologies are enabling companies to meet the demand of their customers throughRead MoreDeveloping Good Business Sense860 Words   |  4 PagesPhoenix BUS 210 Developing Good Business Sense June 29, 2008 The three companies I selected for this assignment are McDonalds, Bose Corporation and Motorola. From the reading I was able to determine the employee’s organizational structure within this company’s by which they complete their jobs. I will review and outline the main kinds of Operations and Materials Management (OMM) processes these companies use, and how it affects their operations. Also, I will discuss how companies design their operatingRead MoreBose Ride7767 Words   |  32 PagesIntroduction of Group Project Bose Corporation Founded in 1964 by Dr. Amar Bose, Bose Corporation is a company pioneering in perfecting the quality of sound heard through speakers. Through the years, Bose has become an industry leader by developing innovative products such as the Bookshelf Speaker, Wave Music System, and Bose Suspension System. In 2008, Dr. Amar Bose was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame for â€Å"significantly influenced influencing the quality of how we liveRead MoreResearch Paper on Procurement3305 Words   |  14 PagesAbstract Procurement plays an important role in the supply chain management and good procurement management can shorten the production cycle, improve the production efficiency, reduce inventory and strengthen the emergency ability to the market. Nowadays, procurement management has captured the attention of many high-level executives while it is always overlooked by many small-sized businesses. This research paper will show either similarities or differences or both with the purchase situationsRead MoreCase study Bharti Walmart2664 Words   |  11 Pagescould exercise strong bargaining power on suppliers to reduce the prices. 2. Competence in information systems. The success of Wal-Mart in 21st century is largely due to its competence in information systems and supply chain management. However Wal-Mart’s advantage in supply chain management was shattered when it entered India. 3. Varity of products. Wal-Mart could offer wider range of products than local competitors. It has also been proven that Indian consumer would embrace affordable products withRead MoreMarketing Strategy Of The E Commerce King1913 Words   |  8 PagesTarget Corporation is the second largest discount retailer in North America – one of the â€Å"Big 3† within the United States along with Wal-Mart and Kmart. The chain has roughly over 1800 locations across the country, employs 341,000 individuals and in 2015 drew in revenue totalling US$73.785 billion (A$97.380). Target’s store formats include its discount stores Target, and the hypermarket SuperTarget along with private label brands encompassing consumable goods, furniture and electronics. The brandRead MoreLiterature Review Supply Chain Management Essay5873 Words   |  24 Pagesï » ¿ Supply Chain Management: A Literature Review David Smith BUSI 610 Organizational Design and Structure Abstract Supply chain management is a practice that involves the planning, supervision, and implementation of strategies and controls to direct the movement of goods and services provided to customers. The intent of this essay is to incorporate a synopsis of existing literature and to provide the reader with a general understanding of how supply chain management correlates with

Life Span Development Free Essays

The life-span development of a person is an amazing issue to study. From the prenatal phase to death, the changes that occur in each stage are incredible. The various issues that are addressed in life-span development show the differences between nature versus nurture. We will write a custom essay sample on Life Span Development or any similar topic only for you Order Now These aspects play a major role in genetics, lifestyle and emotions. People continually develop physically, cognitively, socially and behaviorally through all stages of life. Working in the Behavioral health field the life-span development theories can help with specific behaviors of people and experiences. According to Santrock (2007) â€Å"personality can be better understood if it is examined developmentally. † Behavioral Health counselors must provide clients proper context and explanations. This can be achieved through the basic theories of cognitive, biological and socio-emotional development principles. Research in these areas has been done and evidence has been found that life requires stability and change (Myers, 2007). Stability enables us to depend on others and change motivates us. Children that are with La Paloma Family Services are offered stability and change. Many come from very unstable environments and are use to change in negative ways. So as Behavioral Health Professionals we are there to provide positive stability and change. The life-span development stages and the understanding of the environment that clients come from will provide Behavioral Health Practitioners the ability to counsel a client in an effective way. Chapter one of Santrock (2007) assessed various theorists and concentrated mainly on early childhood development. These principles help to give insight on an individuals behavior patterns from early on. Santrock (2007) made an interesting point about the environmental influence playing a major role in a person’s development. The chapter explains Piaget’s cognitive developmental theory relates to a person’s behavior and how one adapts to the environment around. The children that I work with are highly affected by the environment that they are in. Many come from broken and abusive homes. These environments are tough and chaotic, so in turn the kids only know how to react to things in certain ways. Once placed in group or foster homes these kids struggle with their current environmental issues. At La Paloma Family Services a client’s behavior is seen as an adaptive course that is motivated by a biological desire to obtain balance (La Paloma, 2008). Vygotsky’s cognitive theory emphasizes the impact of social and cultural environmental relationships. What goes on around us with peers and the culture we are in influences us. There are a variety of cultures that are put together in group and foster homes. The girls I work with come from various backgrounds, which affect how they interact with each other and with staff. It is imperative for the Behavioral Health industry to understand the life-span perspective. Erickson’s theory of development identifies the different stages of life. The stages go from prenatal to death, with each stage in an optimal period (Boeree, 1997). This is important to recognize as a counselor or Psychologist. When providing therapy to a preschooler it is different than with an adolescent. Erikson’s theory is apparent that one phase must lead to the next, as with Piaget and Kohlberg. Developmental inconsistencies can lead to tribulations later in life. Biological factors play a role in the development of individuals and are considered one of the oldest. The nature versus nurture can be controversial over the relative contributions of biology and experience (Myers, 2007). â€Å"Nurture works on what nature endows† (Myers, 2007). Humans are ‘endowed’ with a vast capacity to learn and adapt to our environments. Together our genes and our environment influence our individual behaviors. Psychology relates to many fields, ranging from the biological to the social and all influence our culture and environment. The various theories that are offered should be researched and understood by all that enter into the Behavioral Health field. The theories offered can be helpful guides, but relying on a single theory to explain development is probably a mistake (Santrock. 2007). Life-span development offers a comprehensive approach for therapists. Genetics and experience are interconnected. Basically we are all unique in our own ways, but how different are we really? From conception onward we are products of our interactions of our genetic predispositions and our surrounding environments. How to cite Life Span Development, Essays Life Span Development Free Essays The study of lifespan development grew out of Darwin’s desire to understand evolution. The first study of children was published by G. Stanley Hall. We will write a custom essay sample on Life Span Development or any similar topic only for you Order Now Hall’s book introduced norms and adolescence to scientists (Boyd Bee, 2006). Lifespan is the period of time from conception extending to death. This paper will define the development of humans throughout the lifespan and describe the characteristics of the lifespan perspective. Human development domains and periods will be identified and contemporary concerns as related to lifespan development will be identified. Lifespan Development Defined Lifespan development is a process beginning at conception that continues until death. The progression initiates with the emergence of a fetus from a one-celled organism. As the unborn child enters the world the environment in which the child exists begins to influence the child’s development (WGBH Educational Foundation, 2001). Lifespan development can be defined as a methodical, intra-individual change associated with progressions corresponding to age. The development progresses in a manner implicating the level of functioning. According to Levinson the life cycle consists of four 25 year eras. The main developmental periods are child and adolescence, early adulthood, middle adulthood and late adulthood. Each era’s transition involves a necessary change in the character of the individual’s life and sometimes takes up to six years to complete the change (Smith, 2009). The study of human development began with Darwin and other evolutionists. Darwin thought if he studied human development he could further prove his theory of evolution (Boyd Bee, 2006). Characteristics of the Lifespan Perspective The lifespan perspective argues that significant modifications take place throughout development. The lifelong perspective consists of a development of humans that is multidimensional, multidirectional, plastic, multidisciplinary, and contextual. The development involves growth, maintenance and regulation. Changes that occur should be interpreted in a manner that considers the culture and context of the occurrences. Through the perspective comprehensions of the modifications of adulthood have gained as much importance as those occurring in childhood; an understanding from other disciplines in turn have increased importance in human development. According to Paul Baltes, humans have the capacity of plasticity or positive change to environmental difficulties throughout life. Baltes additionally contributed to the understanding of the positive characteristics of growing old such as learning ways to compensate and overcome (Boyd Bee, 2006). Human Development Domains The domains of development are categories used by scientists. The categories include, physical, cognitive and social domains characterize human development. The physical domain is characterized by how humans grow and change physically, specifically during childhood and adolescence. This domain includes how humans view the world as development progresses as a result of developing vision. Adjustments in the way the world is viewed as the body develops are also included in this domain. The cognitive domain is concerned with how learning occurs and why memory deteriorates during old age. The social domain contains adjustment in variables within social situations such as personality research, social skills and developing relationships. All the domains operate together and are affected by each other (Boyd Bee, 2006). Human Development Periods Human development periods span the lifetime from conception to the end of life. These periods are as follows, prenatal, early, middle and late childhood. As the child grows and approaches adulthood the periods are adolescence, early, middle and late adulthood. Numerous theories about the periods of development and the movement from one period to the next exist. Various theories attempt to define how movement from one level to the next level of development occurs. The three major families include psychoanalytic, learning and cognitive theories (Boyd Bee, 2006). Contemporary Concerns in Lifespan Development Nature versus nurture is one of the many contemporary concerns in lifespan development. Additional concerns in the area of development include continuity and discontinuity. Nature and nurture concerns surround the basis of development. The issue lies in determining the weather genetics or environment influence development. The concern of continuity and discontinuity’s impact on development lies in relationship development. â€Å" The question is whether age-related change is primarily a matter of amount or degree (the continuity side of the debate) or more commonly involves changes in type or kind (the discontinuity side)† (Boyd Bee, 2006, p. ). Conclusion Development of the lifespan began with Darwin and continues to intrigue psychologists and scientists today. An understanding of how humans develop consists of the domains of physical, cognitive and social advances. The domains occur throughout prenatal, childhood and adult development. As the field expands the controversy of nature versus nurture and continuity and discontinuity continue to perplex those within the field. Freud advanced a theory of personality development that centered on the effects of the sexual pleasure drive on the individual psyche. At particular points in the developmental process, he claimed, a single body part is particularly sensitive to sexual, erotic stimulation. These erogenous zones are the mouth, the anus, and the genital region. The child’s libido centers on behavior affecting the primary erogenous zone of his age; he cannot focus on the primary erogenous zone of the next stage without resolving the developmental conflict of the immediate one. A child at a given stage of development has certain needs and demands, such as the need of the infant to nurse. Frustration occurs when these needs are not met; Overindulgence stems from such an ample meeting of these needs that the child is reluctant to progress beyond the stage. Both frustration and overindulgence lock some amount of the child’s libido permanently into the stage in which they occur; both result in a fixation. If a child progresses normally through the stages, resolving each conflict and moving on, then little libido remains invested in each stage of development. But if he fixates at a particular stage, the method of obtaining satisfaction which characterized the stage will dominate and affect his adult personality. The Oral Stage The oral stage begins at birth, when the oral cavity is the primary focus of libidal energy. The child, of course, preoccupies himself with nursing, with the pleasure of sucking and accepting things into the mouth. The oral character who is frustrated at this stage, whose mother refused to nurse him on demand or who truncated nursing sessions early, is characterized by pessimism, envy, suspicion and sarcasm. The overindulged oral character, whose nursing urges were always and often excessively satisfied, is optimistic, gullible, and is full of admiration for others around him. The stage culminates in the primary conflict of weaning, which both deprives the child of the sensory pleasures of nursing and of the psychological pleasure of being cared for, mothered, and held. The stage lasts approximately one and one-half years. The Anal Stage At one and one-half years, the child enters the anal stage. With the advent of toilet training comes the child’s obsession with the erogenous zone of the anus and with the retention or expulsion of the feces. This represents a classic conflict between the id, which derives pleasure from expulsion of bodily wastes, and the ego and superego, which represent the practical and societal pressures to control the bodily functions. The child meets the conflict between the parent’s demands and the child’s desires and physical capabilities in one of two ways: Either he puts up a fight or he simply refuses to go. The child who wants to fight takes pleasure in excreting maliciously, perhaps just before or just after being placed on the toilet. If the parents are too lenient and the child manages to derive pleasure and success from this expulsion, it will result in the formation of an anal expulsive character. This character is generally messy, disorganized, reckless, careless, and defiant. Conversely, a child may opt to retain feces, thereby spiting his parents while enjoying the pleasurable pressure of the built-up feces on his intestine. If this tactic succeeds and the child is overindulged, he will develop into an anal retentive character. This character is neat, precise, orderly, careful, stingy, withholding, obstinate, meticulous, and passive-aggressive. The resolution of the anal stage, proper toilet training, permanently affects the individual propensities to possession and attitudes towards authority. This stage lasts from one and one-half to two years. The Phallic Stage The phallic stage is the setting for the greatest, most crucial sexual conflict in Freud’s model of development. In this stage, the child’s erogenous zone is the genital region. As the child becomes more interested in his genitals, and in the genitals of others, conflict arises. The conflict, labeled the Oedipus complex (The Electra complex in women), involves the child’s unconscious desire to possess the opposite-sexed parent and to eliminate the same-sexed one. In the young male, the Oedipus conflict stems from his natural love for his mother, a love which becomes sexual as his libidal energy transfers from the anal region to his genitals. Unfortunately for the boy, his father stands in the way of this love. The boy therefore feels aggression and envy towards this rival, his father, and also feels fear that the father will strike back at him. As the boy has noticed that women, his mother in particular, have no penises, he is struck by a great fear that his father will remove his penis, too. The anxiety is aggravated by the threats and discipline he incurs when caught masturbating by his parents. This castration anxiety outstrips his desire for his mother, so he represses the desire. Moreover, although the boy sees that though he cannot posses his mother, because his father does, he can posses her vicariously by identifying with his father and becoming as much like him as possible: this identification indoctrinates the boy into his appropriate sexual role in life. A lasting trace of the Oedipal conflict is the superego, the voice of the father within the boy. By thus resolving his incestuous conundrum, the boy passes into the latency period, a period of libidal dormancy. On the Electra complex, Freud was more vague. The complex has its roots in the little girl’s discovery that she, along with her mother and all other women, lack the penis which her father and other men posses. Her love for her father then becomes both erotic and envious, as she yearns for a penis of her own. She comes to blame her mother for her perceived castration, and is struck by penis envy, the apparent counterpart to the boy’s castration anxiety. The resolution of the Electra complex is far less clear-cut than the resolution of the Oedipus complex is in males; Freud stated that the resolution comes much later and is never truly complete. Just as the boy learned his sexual role by identifying with his father, so the girl learns her role by identifying with her mother in an attempt to posses her father vicariously. At the eventual resolution of the conflict, the girl passes into the latency period, though Freud implies that she always remains slightly fixated at the phallic stage. Fixation at the phallic stage develops a phallic character, who is reckless, resolute, self-assured, and narcissistic–excessively vain and proud. The failure to resolve the conflict can also cause a person to be afraid or incapable of close love; Freud also postulated that fixation could be a root cause of homosexuality. Latency Period The resolution of the phallic stage leads to the latency period, which is not a psychosexual stage of development, but a period in which the sexual drive lies dormant. Freud saw latency as a period of unparalleled repression of sexual desires and erogenous impulses. During the latency period, children pour this repressed libidal energy into asexual pursuits such as school, athletics, and same-sex friendships. But soon puberty strikes, and the genitals once again become a central focus of libidal energy. The Genital Stage In the genital stage, as the child’s energy once again focuses on his genitals, interest turns to heterosexual relationships. The less energy the child has left invested in unresolved psychosexual developments, the greater his capacity will be to develop normal relationships with the opposite sex. If, however, he remains fixated, particularly on the phallic stage, his development will be troubled as he struggles with further repression and defenses. How to cite Life Span Development, Essay examples

Accounting Software Package of BHP Billiton-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the accounting software package of your Chosen Company. Answer: Introduction The following assignment is the study of the accounting software package and the chosen company for the assignment is the BHP Billiton. BHP stands for Broken Hill Proprietary an Australian company. This assignment studies the organizational structure of the chosen company and related operational .The assignment further discusses about the system acquisition method of the company operation. The assignment further discusses the sale flow chart of the company and a possible fraud which is possible in the company In the second it focuses upon the accounting software package used by the BHP Billiton and its market size. The assignment analyses the leaders in the market and finally determines the gaps and challenges which can be encountered using the accounting software and make some recommendation how software should be with the respect to described difficulties Discussion BHP stands for BHP stands for Broken Hill Proprietary which is an Australian company. Its headquarters is in Melbourne, Australia. It deals in multinational mining activities. Founded in the year 1885 it was considered as the largest mining company in the year 2015 among the all mining companies in the world(Romney and Steinbart 2012).. It is the fourth largest company in the Australia. According to the financial report of the 2016 the BHP company has earner the revenue over thirty billion dollars and the profit earned by the company was over six billion. It is the listed in the stock market under the name with BLT with its share value over 1351 GBX(Lodhia and Martin 2014). The company operates in over 25 countries employing over forty thousand people. It main production is copper, petroleum, coal and iron ore. Organizational structure of the company The organization structure of the company implies that the whole organization is controlled and managed by the board member of the company (de Villiers and Alexander 2014). They are controlling the risk and audit committee, sustainability committee, nominal committee and the remuneration committee. The board members are also controlling the chief executive officer of the company and the CEO is responsible to present all the accountability of the company. Figure 1: Organizational structure of the BHP (Source: de Villiers and Alexander 2014, pp-198) Operational problems with the organizational structure BHP Billiton is the fourth largest company in Australia therefore to manage such a huge organization and devise an organization structure which can maximize the profit for the company. Here are the few challenges that the company face in its operation. The organizational structure The organizational structure as discussed above shows that the CEO of the company is entangled to the board member and his only role is to present the financial report to the company(Grant et al 2014). If the CEO wants to make changes in the production he has to persuade all the board members for his decision. If the board member fined these challenges risky then they will reject the plan (Ghaffour, Missimer and Amy 2013). Thus the organizational structure prevents the CEO to bring any innovative changes. The resources availability Resources availability is the major concern for all industry and to utilize them properly is the great challenge for them. The major resource required for BHP Billiton in the mining field is the water. The company operates over 25 countries and may face water shortage in that area. Therefore to design an effective model plan for management of the major resources like water is the prime motive of the company. The better drainage of the acid mine knows as the AMD is other concern of the company. The innovation in the business The organizational structure of the company offers minimum innovation in its business as the CEO of the company is bounded by the Board members decision(WANG and FAN 2012). Timely innovation in the business is the crucial to adapt to the changing demand of the customers The fluctuation of the price in the international market The price of the product fluctuates acceding to the changes in the international market which can be positive or negative(Floris, Grant and Cutcher 2013). The negative impact on the market hampers the desired target of the company. The change in the market is not going to be stable therefore to work in that environment and produce the desired profit from it is the huge challenge for the company. System Acquisition method The system acquisition method is the method through which business can effectively manage its operation. BHP Billiton is the multinational mining company thus the prefer System Acquisition method for this company is the commercial software. According to the news channel IT News the company has bought a software which is cloud based, the name of the software is Loc8 developed the firm in Melbourne which is entrusted with the work to manage the business operation of the company(YANG, YANG and DENG 2012). The ERP of the BHP named as 1SAP. System flowchart of the sales procedures for the BHP Billiton Figure 2: The production of the metal worldwide of the BHP Billiton Company. (Source: de Villiers and Alexander 2014 pp-212) Sales are very crucial for the company as through this they will earn the revenue. To have efficient sales flowchart is great challenge for any company, a good sale flowchart will increase the sale of the company(Andzulis, Panagopoulos and Rapp 2012). The above diagram shows the production of the metal worldwide of the BHP Billiton Company. Below is the sales flowchart of the company. Figure 3: The sales process model (Source: Teittinen, Pellinen and Jrvenp 2013, pp-298) The sales flowchart shows that the firstly the company will send the quotation which will contain the entire product and its current price. At the second phase if the customer is satisfied with terms and condition of the contract and like the price and agrees to buy the product then he will sign the contract or else the deal will be terminated (Hatley and Pirbhai 2013). After the contract is signed the company will check for the stock if the stock is enough after receiving the payment the product will be shipped. If the stock is enough then it will arrange the product and ship the product. Problems in the system and the sorts of fraud are possible in this system Operating and managing a huge company is a challenging task. With numerous operations running simultaneously (Hipgrave 2013). It is evident that some problem is going to arise in managing the operation. Firstly the company is using the cloud based software to store its data and managing it, so these are data vulnerable to the cyber attack or cybercrime if there is not a strong firewall to protect the data (Lei and Ghorbani 2012). Therefore the company has to regularly update its firewall to protect from the data theft. Secondly the company is operating its supply chain at the global level thus the data of the company are not secure and easily be hacked. The hackers mainly target these companies as they work with the government so their data are very confidential and valuable which can cost huge loss to the company and country. The possible fraud in the company can be in terms of its product as the coal and other metals are very valuable and have a huge demand in the market (Mirzoev and Lyubartsev 2013). Thus the employees of the company can sell the products to the private buyers at lower price by bribing the employee. Thus it can be huge loss to the company. Accounting Software packages The accounting software package is the type of the software which is designed to manage the accounting operation of a company like finance of the company, transaction, inventory. The accounting software can be used either for the persona use or for the business purpose. The accounting software used by the company BHP Billiton is XBRL. The full form of XBRL is extensible Business Reporting Language (Simkin ,Norman and Rose 2014). The software has been designed to work with an excel software that has helped in delivering the accounts transaction to the client easily (Romney and Steinbart 2012). The software can be used with the basic Microsoft office version. Market size The BHP Billiton has been considered as the largest mining company in the year 2015. . The company operates in over 25 countries employing over forty thousand people. The current revenue of the coma pay is over 31 billion dollars with the profit over six billion in the year 2016 (Trby and Paulus 2012). Below diagram shows the market growth of the company. Figure 3:The market capitalization of the BHP till August 2017 (Source: Hipgrave 2013, pp-7) The market capitalization of the company has crossed over 108 billion dollars in the year 2016. Leader in the market In the year 2017 at the quarter 1the top mining company in the international market is occupied by the BHP Billiton having revenues over 200 billion dollars from the industrial and mining activity in the year 2017 The company is regarded as the largest producer of the Copper metal. The second place is taken by Rio Toronto with its revenue over 68 billion dollars. Figure 4: The position of BHP Billiton in the year 2017 (Source: Trby and Paulus 2012, pp-56) The above figure shows the position of BHP Billiton in the year 2017. Gaps and challenges for the software: There are various advantages of using accounting software but there are still some issue faced by the software. Followingare: As the accounting software stores data online it needs to have a strong firewall to protect its data from cybercrime. The software may not be compatible with the software used in the company(Teittinen, Pellinen and Jrvenp 2013). The accounting software is not user friendly as it has complex functions which are difficult to operate. Thus analyzing all the difficulties the company needs to design the software which is compatible, have strong firewall and easy to use by the user. Conclusion From the report it can be concluded that the according to the financial reports the company BHP Billiton has been calculated as the fourth largest company in the Australia and one of the largest mining company in the year 2017 in the world. The organizational structure of company is analyzed timely and to develop an effective organization structure which has enabled to be on the top in the mining market. The accounting software has huge applications in the industry to maintain the accounts transaction but it has shown certain disadvantages. The company needs to analyze these issues to remain at the top of the market References Andzulis, J.M., Panagopoulos, N.G. and Rapp, A., 2012. A review of social media and implications for the sales process.Journal of Personal Selling Sales Management,32(3), pp.305-316. de Villiers, C. and Alexander, D., 2014. The institutionalisation of corporate social responsibility reporting.The British Accounting Review,46(2), pp.198-212. 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